Treatment strategies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Sorafenib vs hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy

Table 3 Tissue biomarkers of sorafenib response and survival

Biomarkers	Ref.	Publishing year	Case number	Predictive factors for response	Predictive factors for survival
Expression of p-ERK	Abou-Alfa et al[39]	2012	33	-	High pERK: Longer TTP
	Chen et al[40]	2013	54	-	High pERK: Longer TTP
	Negri et al[41]	2015	77	-	High pERK: Shorter OS and PFS
Expression of p-c-Jun	Hagiwara et al[42]	2012	39	High p-c-jun: Poor response	High p-c-jun: Shorter TTP and OS
Expression of VEGFR-2	Negri et al[41]	2015	54	-	High VEGFR-2: Shorter OS and PFS
FGF3/FGF4 amplification	Arao et al[43]	2013	48	FGF3/FGF4 amplification: Responder	-

ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; FGF: Fibroblast growth factor; TTP: Time to progression; OS: Overall survival; pERK: Phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase; PFS: Progressive-free survival; VEGFR: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.