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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2018.
World J Hepatol. Dec 27, 2018; 10(12): 911-923
Published online Dec 27, 2018. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v10.i12.911
Table 1 Serologic markers of autoimmune hepatitis
ANAVariably expressed with ASMA in type 1 AIH
Heterogenous antigen profile
No single staining pattern is pathognomonic for diagnosis of AIH
Most useful when found with ASMA (diagnostic accuracy 74%)[20]
ASMAMarker of type 1 AIH along with ANA
Reacts to several cytoskeletal elements, especially F-actin.
ELISA against F-actin as the substrate can be used instead of indirect immunofluorescence but may miss the diagnosis in 15% to 20% of cases[20]
Anti-SLA/LPOnly disease specific antibody with specificity of 99% for AIH
Present in only 15% patients with AIH in the United States
Known to have a defined antigen, SEPSECS. ELISA is the preferred methodology of testing
Closely associated with HLA DRB1*03 and Anti-Ro/SSA
Have prognostic value as it is associated with severe disease, higher risk of relapse and need for lifelong treatment
Anti-LKM1Serologic marker for type 2 AIH.
CYP2D6 is the target antigen. Shares homology with hepatitis C virus antigen
Present mainly in children, worldwide. Rare in adults in the United States (< 4%)
Associated with HLA DRB*07
Atypical pANCACommon in type 1 AIH, and absent in type 2 AIH
Associated with PSC, UC