Genetic diversity of hepatitis viruses in West-African countries from 1996 to 2018

Table 1 Distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in West African Economic and Monetary Union countries, Ghana and Nigeria

Ref.	Year	Countries	Patients	Type of study	Samples	HBV genotypes (n)
Diarra et al[80]	2018	Burkina Faso	Occult HBV	Cross-sectional	21	E (17) and A3 (4)
Archampong et al[59]	2017	Ghana	HBV-HIV coinfected	Cross-sectional	63	E (58), A (4) and D (1)
Boyce et al[58]	2017	Ghana	HBV-HIV coinfected	Case reports	3	D/E (3)
Cella et al[63]	2017	Mali	Malian refugees	Cross-sectional	16	E (16)
Lawson-Ananissoh et al[81]	2017	Côte d’Ivoire	Chronic HBV	Prospective	33	E (27), A (6)
Dongdem et al[73]	2016	Ghana	Chronic Hepatitis B	Cross-sectional	58	E (47), A (8) and D (3)
Opaleye et al[82]	2016	Nigeria	HBV+	Cross-sectional	17	E (17)
Compaore et al[62]	2016	Burkina Faso	HIV-1+ and HIV-1-	Case-Control	120	E (120)
Candotti et al[83]	2016	Burkina Faso	Blood donors	Prospective	99	E (71) A3QS (28)
Brah et al[84]	2016	Niger	HBV infected	Prospective	23	E (21), A3E (1) and D/E (1)
Boyd et al[85]	2016	Côte d’Ivoire	HBV-HIV coinfected	Prospective	100	E (98) and A (2)
Ampah et al[61]	2016	Ghana	Randomized volunteers	Prospective	52	E (52)
Traore et al[55]	2015	Mali	Adults volunteers	Cohort study	90	E (82), D/E (5), D (1) and A (2)
Faleye et al[86]	2015	Nigeria	Pregnant women	Cross-sectional	6	E (6)
Faleye et al[87]	2015	Nigeria	Asymptomatic individuals	Cross-sectional	13	E (13)
Maylin et al[88]	2015	Senegal	Chronic HBV	Cohort study	87	E (65), A (22)
Honge et al[76]	2014	Guinea-Bissau	HIV+	Cross-sectional	26	E (25) and D (1)
De Paschale et al[12]	2014	Benin	Pregnant women	Prospective	19	E (19)
Forbi et al[56]	2013	West Africa1	Pregnant women and HIV+	Multicenter	83	E (74) and A (9)
Hübschen et al[89]	2011	Nigeria	Cohorts samples	Cohorts study	163	E (154) and A (9)
Geretti et al[90]	2010	Ghana	HIV+	Cross-sectional	86	E (82) and A (4)
Forbi et al[69]	2010	Nigeria	Asymptomatic volunteers	Cross-sectional	55	E (53) and A3 (2)
Chekaraou et al[32]	2010	Niger	Blood donors	Cross-sectional	24	E (20), D/E (4)
Candotti et al[91]	2007	Ghana	Pregnant women	Cross-sectional	70	E (69) and A (1)
Vray et al[92]	2006	Senegal	Blood donors	Cross-sectional	32	E (23) and A (9)
Huy et al[60]	2006	Ghana	Blood donors	Cross-sectional	12	E (12)
Candotti et al[66]	2006	Ghana	Blood donors	Cross-sectional	100	E (87), A (10) and D (3)
Fujiwara et al[65]	2005	Benin	Blood donors	Cross-sectional	21	E (20) and A (1)
Mulders et al[64]	2004	West Africa2	Measles or HIV+	Multicenter	79	E (78), and A (1)
Suzuki et al[70]	2003	Côte d’Ivoire	HBV carriers	Cross-sectional	48	E (42), A (3) and D (3)

¹Ghana 13 (E = 100%), Côte d’Ivoire 70 (E = 87%);

²Benin 13 strains, Burkina Faso 11 with 1 case of HBV-A genotypes (BFA-S121), Mali 18 strains, 15 strains from Nigeria and Togo 22 strains. WAEMU: West African Economic and Monetary Union; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus.