Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms and bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis and ascites

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients from the polymorphism group and the wild-type group

	Polymorphism group (n = 28)	Wild-type group (n = 230)	P value
Age (yr)	65.93 ± 12.1	64.90 ± 12.7	0.74
Gender (male/female)	17 (60.7)/ 11 (39.3)	128 (55.7)/ 102 (44.3)	0.69
Cause of cirrhosis (%)			0.07
Alcohol	14 (50)	125 (54.3)
Hepatitis C virus	11 (39.3)	82 (35.7)
Hepatitis B virus	0 (0)	8 (3.5)
Alcohol + HCV/HVB	6 (21.4)	18 (7.8)
Others	3 (10.7)	22 (9.6)
Active alcoholism (%)	9/20 (45)	80/143 (55.9)	0.84
Diabetes mellitus (%)	9 (32.1)	75 (32.6)	1.00
Child-Pugh score	8.25 ± 1	8.31 ± 1.6	0.95
MELD score	15.29 ± 4.8	15.35 ± 6.2	0.69
Previous decompensations (%)	20 (71.4)	160 (69.6)	1.00
Previous ascites (%)	19 (67.9)	151 (65.7)	1.00
Previous encephalopathy (%)	13 (46.4)	51 (22.2)	0.009
Previous variceal bleeding (%)	7 (25)	54 (23.5)	0.82
Previous spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (%)	3 (10.7)	16 (7)	0.44
Hepatocellular carcinoma (%)	4 (14.3)	26 (11.3)	0.55
Norfloxacin prophylaxis (%)	4 (14.3)	18 (7.8)	0.28
Beta-blockers (%)	10 (35.7)	74 (32.2)	0.68
Diuretics (%)	15 (53.6)	135 (58.7)	0.69
Serum sodium (mmol/L)	135.14 ± 6.3	135.14 ± 9.8	0.78
Serum urea (mmol/L)	9.6 ± 4.1	9.6 ± 9.1	0.18
Serum creatinine (μmol/L)	117.29 ± 59.6	100.6 ± 59.9	0.01
Serum bilirubin (μmol/L)	54.7 ± 59.7	43 ± 34.1	0.64
Serum albumin (g/L)	26.6 ± 5.5	27.9 ± 5.5	0.43
Prothrombin time ratio	1.51 ± 0.24	1.57 ± 0.67	0.65
Ascitic fluid total protein (g/L)	13.9 ± 6.6	15.6 ± 10.7	0.30
First decompensation1
Ascites (%)	19 (67.8)	165 (71.7)	0.66
Encephalopathy (%)	3 (10.7)	6 (2.6)	0.06
Variceal bleeding (%)	4 (14.3)	44 (19.1)	0.79
Infection (%)	2 (7.1)	12 (5.2)	0.65
Cause of current admission2
Ascites (%)	8 (28.6)	101 (43.9)	0.15
Encephalopathy (%)	5 (17.9)	22 (9.6)	0.18
Variceal bleeding (%)	3 (10.7)	31 (13.5)	1.00
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (%)	6 (21.4)	33 (14.3)	0.39
Other infection (%)	3 (10.7)	13 (5.7)	0.39
Other (%)	3 (10.7)	30 (13)	1.00

¹Refers to the first decompensation that patients presented in the past (in patients with previous decompensation) or at present admission (in patients without previous decompensation);

²Main cause of the hospitalization in which the patient was included to the study. Data are presented as mean ± SD or frequencies (%). MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus.