Common stemness regulators of embryonic and cancer stem cells

Table 2 Biomarkers of cancer stem cells

Cancer type	Biomarkers
Breast	CD44[32,33] ALDH[31,35] EpCAM[30] CD13[35] A6-integrin[35] CD61[35] CD29[35] CD49[35] ABCG2[43,44] Nanog[204] Klf4[263,264]
Brain	CD133[39] Nestin[42] Sox2[42] Musashi-1[42] Bmi-1[42] ABCB1[48] ABCG2[48] ABCC1[48] SSEA1[45] Nanog[236] Sox2[42,225] Klf4[269]
Colorectal	CD133[49] EpCAM[50,51] CD166[51] CD24[51] CD29[51] Lgr5[56] Klf4[266]
Pancreatic	CD44[57] CD24[57] EpCAM[57] c-Met[58] CD133[59] CXCR4[59,60] Sox2[221]
Prostate	CD44[61] CD133[61] ALDH1A1[61] ABCG2[61] A2β1[61] Sox2[61]
Ovarian	CD133[62] CD44[62] CD24[62] EpCAM[62] ALDH1[62] CD117[62] c-kit[62] CD117[63] MyD88[35] Lin28[35] Oct4[35] Nanog[232,238] Sox2[219]
Melanoma	CD20[64] CD133[64] ABCG2[64] ABCB5[64] CD133[64] CD166[64] CD271[66] CXCR6[67] Oct4[68] Sox2[224]
Lung	CD133[69] CD24[35] CD34[35] CD44[35] CD87[35] ALDH1[35] ABCG2[70] Bmi-1[71] Nanog[234] Sox2[223]
Hepatocellular	CD133[72] EpCAM[74] CD90[74] CD44[74] CC13[74] ALDH1[74] ABCG2[74] CD117[74] AFP[74]
Head and neck (HNSCC)	CD44[75] CD133[76] ABCG2[76,77] ALDH1[77] c-Met[77] Bmi-1[77] Lgr5[77]