Transplantation of stem cell-derived astrocytes for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal cord injury

doi:10.4252/wjsc.v7.i2.380

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World Journal of Stem Cells

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1948-0210

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Stem Cells. Mar 26, 2015; 7(2): 380-398
Published online Mar 26, 2015. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i2.380

Table 1 Transplantation-based astrocyte replacement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis animal models

Animal	Type of cells	Delivery	Effect on disease	Main outcomes	Ref.
SOD1^G93A ALS rats (80 d-old)	GRPs from rat E13.5 spinal cord, wild-type and overexpressing GLT1	Injections into C4-C6 cervical spinal cord, 6 sites, bilateral 1.5 × 10⁵ cells/site	Delayed decline in motor function and survival extension	Differentiation into functional astrocytes. Prevented motor neurons loss independently from growth factors secretion, sustained GLT1 levels, alleviated microgliosis	[104]
SOD1^G93A ALS mice (75 d-old)	Human neural precursors (hNPs) overexpressing BDNF, IGF-1, VEGF, NT-3, or GDNF	Injection in cisterna magna and cerebral ventricles	No effect on motor function or animal survival	Differentiation in GFAP⁺ GLT1^-expressing and growth factors-secreting astrocytes. Prevented motor neurons loss	[147]
SOD1^G93A ALS rats (90 d-old)	Rat adult MSCs	Intrathecal delivery in lumbar cisterna magna, 1.95 × 10⁶ cells	Preserved motor function and survival extension	Differentiation into astroglial cells. Decreased neuroinflammation	[75]
SOD1^G93A ALS mice (24-26 wk-old)	Human umbilical cord blood cells overexpressing VEGF and FGF2	Intravenous delivery, 1 × 10⁶ cells	Not investigated	Differentiation in S100⁺ astrocytes	[146]
SOD1^G93A ALS rats (14-26 wk-old)	NSCs from rat E16 brain cortex	Intravenous delivery, 1 × 10⁷ cells	Not investigated	Preferential homing to late symptomatic ALS brain and spinal cord. Differentiation into neurons and astrocytes	[135]
SOD1^G93A ALS mice (50-60 d-old)	hGRPs from fetal cadaver brain tissue (week 17-24 of gestational)	Injections into C4-C5 cervical spinal cord, 4 sites, bilateral 1.2 × 10⁵ cells/site	No effect on histological or functional outcomes	Poor cell survival	[124]

ALS: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; C: Cervical; E: Embryonic; FGF2: Fibroblast growth factor 2; GDNF: Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein; GLT1: Glutamate transporter 1; GRP: Glial-restricted precursor; IGF-1: Insulin-like growth factor 1; MSC: Mesenchymal stem cell; NP: Neural precursor; NSC: Neural stem cell; NT-3: Neutrophin-3; SOD1: Superoxide dismutase 1; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.

Citation: Nicaise C, Mitrecic D, Falnikar A, Lepore AC. Transplantation of stem cell-derived astrocytes for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal cord injury. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7(2): 380-398
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-0210/full/v7/i2/380.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v7.i2.380