Effects of macrophages on the osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cocultures

Figure 4 Expression of osteogenic gene markers in adipose tissue-derived stem cells. A: Relative expression of alkaline phosphatase in each group on day 7 and 14 (^aP < 0.05 vs day 7 two-dimensional-adipose tissue-derived stem cell (2D-ADSC), ^bP < 0.001 vs day 7 three-dimensional (3D)-ADSC, ^cP < 0.001 vs day 14 2D-ADSC, ^dP < 0.01 vs day 14 3D-ADSC); B: Relative expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 mRNA in each group on day 7 and 14 (^aP < 0.05 vs day 7 2D-ADSC, ^bP < 0.01 vs day 7 3D-ADSC, ^cP < 0.01 vs day 14 2D-ADSC, ^dP < 0.01 vs day 14 3D-ADSC); C: Relative expression of osteocalcin in each group on day 7 and 14 (^aP < 0.001 vs day 7 2D-ADSC, ^bP < 0.001 vs day 7 3D-ADSC, ^cP < 0.05 vs day 14 2D-ADSC, ^dP < 0.01 vs day 14 3D-ADSC). ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; RUNX2: Runt-related transcription factor 2; OCN: Osteocalcin; 3D: Three-dimensional; 2D: Two-dimensional; ADSC: Adipose tissue-derived stem cell.