Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide rejuvenates septic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Figure 3 Supportive capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. A: Representative fluorescence image showing proliferating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) co-cultured with healthy donors (HD) and septic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) after 3 days in vitro. Ki67 (green), CD34 (red), DAPI (blue); B: Total number of CD34-positive HSPCs after co-culture with HD BMSCs (n = 6) or septic BMSCs (n = 6), starting with an initial number of 10000 cells; C: Representative fluorescence image of apoptotic HSPCs after co-culture; D: Percentages of apoptotic HSPCs (CD34+ and caspase-positive) relative to the total number of cells (HD: n = 6; sepsis: n = 6); E: Expression levels of supportive cytokines (C-X-C chemokine ligand 12, stem cell factor, and interleukin 7) were evaluated by fold change relative to one of the HD samples (HD: n = 10; sepsis: n = 12). Data were mean ± SEM. P values were determined using a t-test (^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001). HD: Healthy donors; CXCL12: C-X-C chemokine ligand 12; SCF: Stem cell factor; IL7: Interleukin 7.