Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote uterine healing by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and modulating inflammation in rat models

Figure 2 Transcriptome sequencing and differential gene clustering analysis. A: Bar graph illustrating significantly differentially expressed genes at the uterine wound site, with a total of 604 upregulated genes and 523 downregulated genes identified; B: Volcano plot and scatter plot of significantly differentially expressed genes; C: Gene Ontology analysis of the impact of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the uterine wound tissue transcriptome (bar graph); D: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of significantly different pathways; E: Cluster analysis of differential gene expression changes. Red represents upregulated genes, and green represents downregulated genes; F: Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction validation of differential genes and their corresponding cytokine genes. The values are shown as the means ± SDs. ^aP < 0.05 vs the natural repair group, ^bP < 0.01 vs the natural repair group, ^cP < 0.001 vs the natural repair group, n = 3 per group. BMSCs: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; BP: Biological process; CC: Cellular component; FC: Fold change; FGF: Fibroblast growth factor; IL-1α: Interleukin 1 alpha; IL-1β: Interleukin 1 beta; IL1r1: Interleukin 1 receptor type 1; IL-4: Interleukin 4; IL4r: Interleukin 4 receptor; MF: Molecular function; NR: Natural repair; Prss23: Protease 23; Tab2: Transforming growth factor-beta activated kinase 1 (MAP3K7) binding protein 2; TGF: Transforming growth factor; TNFα: Tumor necrosis factor alpha; Tnfaip8: Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 8; Vegfa: Vascular endothelial growth factor alpha.