Pretreatment can alleviate programmed cell death in mesenchymal stem cells

Figure 1 A novel ferroptosis mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells through the cystathionine γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide pathway. Cystathionine γ-lyase facilitates the liberation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 from the Keap1 complex within the cytoplasm, whereupon liberated nuclear factor erythroid 2 (Nrf2) is shuttled to the nucleus for subsequent activation. This process plays a pivotal role in inhibiting iron death in mesenchymal stem cells. Additionally, cystathionine γ-lyase enhances the direct suppression of iron death through the production of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S).