Outcomes of combined mitochondria and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosome therapy in rat acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis

Figure 11  Cellular levels of fibrosis and inflammation by day 5 after acute respiratory distress syndrome induction. A-E: Showing the microscopic finding (200 ×) of Masson’s trichome stain for identification of fibrosis in lung fibrosis (blue color); F: Analytical result of fibrotic area, control vs other groups with different letters, ^aP < 0.0001, ^bP < 0.05, ^cP < 0.01, ^dP < 0.001. The scale bars in right lower corner represent 50 μm; G-K: Illustrating the immunofluorescent microscopic finding (400 ×) for identification of cellular expression of CD68 (green color); L: Analytical result of number of CD68+ cells, control vs other groups with different letters, ^aP < 0.0001, ^bP < 0.05, ^cP < 0.01, ^dP < 0.001. The scale bars in right lower corner represent 20 μm. All statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison post hoc test (n = 6 for each group). SC: Sham-operated control; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; SS: Sepsis syndrome; mito^Ex: Exogenous mitochondria; EX^AD: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes.