Effects of different concentrations of nicotinamide on hematopoietic stem cells cultured in vitro

Figure 4 Effect of different concentrations of nicotinamide on reactive oxygen species content, cytokine levels, and gene expression in cultured hematopoietic stem cells. A: Reactive oxygen species in different groups of cells determined by mean fluorescence intensity; B: Cytokine levels in the supernatant of cultured cells in each group; C: Comparison of expression of genes encoding stemness-related factors, chemokines, components of hypoxia pathways, and antioxidant enzymes among different groups. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001; ^dP < 0.0001. NAM: Nicotinamide; PRDX1: Peroxiredoxin 1; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; IL: Interleukin; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; IFN: Interferon.