Therapeutic utility of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells-based approaches in pulmonary diseases: Recent advancements and prospects

Table 1 Clinical trials of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells therapy for patients with coronavirus disease 2019

No	Trial ID	UC-MSCs administration protocol			Phase	Status	Patients	Age (yr)	Follow-up time	Mask	Allocation	Country
		Frequency	Dose (cells)	Route
1	NCT04293692	4 (at days 1, 3, 5 and 7)	0.5 × 106/kg	IV	N/A	Withdrawn	48	18-75	N/A	Triple-blind	Randomized	China
2	NCT05682586	2 (at days 1 and 4)	1 × 106/kg	IV	III	Recruiting	60	18-75	N/A	Open-label	Randomized	China
3	NCT05501418	1	N/A	IV	I/II	Active, not recruiting	75	20-80	12 months	Single-blind	Randomized	China
4	NCT05719012	3 (at months 1, 2, and 3)	N/A	IV	II	Not yet recruiting	70	18-80	96 wk	Triple-blind	Randomized	China
5	NCT04273646	4 (at days 1, 3, 5 and 7)	0.5 × 106/kg	IV	N/A	Unknown	48	18-65	96 wk	Open-label	Randomized	China
6	NCT05689008	2 (at days 1 and 4)	1 × 106/kg	IV	III	Recruiting	60	18-85	N/A	Open-label	Randomized	China
7	NCT04457609	1	1 × 106/kg	IV	I	Unknown	40	18-95	N/A	Triple-blind	Randomized	Indonesia
8	NCT05132972	3 (at days 0, 3, and 6)	1 × 106/kg	IV	II/III	Recruiting	42	18-75	90 d	Quadruple-blind	Randomized	Indonesia
9	NCT04288102	3 (at days 0, 3, and 6)	4.0 × 107	IV	II	Completed	100	18-75	90 d	Quadruple-blind	Randomized	China
10	NCT04366271	1	N/A	N/A	II	Withdrawn	100	40-80	N/A	Open-label	Randomized	Spain
11	NCT04371601	4 (once every 4 d)	1 × 106/kg	IV	I	Unknown	60	18-70	N/A	Open-label	Randomized	China
12	NCT04429763	1	1 × 106/kg	N/A	II	Unknown	30	18-79	N/A	Triple-blind	Randomized	United States
13	NCT04461925	3 (at days 1,4 and 7)	1 × 106/kg	IV	I/II	Unknown	30	18-75	N/A	Open-label	Non-Randomized	Ukraine
14	NCT04269525	4 (at days 1, 3, 5 and 7)	3.3 × 107	IV	II	Unknown	16	18-80	N/A	Open-label	N/A	China
15	NCT04437823	3 (at days 1, 3, and 5)	0.5 × 106/kg	IV	II	Unknown	20	30-70	N/A	Open-label	Randomized	Pakistan
16	NCT04573270	1	N/A	IV	I	Completed	40	18 to older	N/A	Triple-blind	Randomized	United States
17	NCT05286255	2 (at days 1 and 4)	1.25-1.5 × 106/kg	IV	I	Not yet recruiting	10	18-80	N/A	Open-label	N/A	United States

UC-MSCs: Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; IV: Intravenous; N/A: Not available.