Crosstalk between Wnt and bone morphogenetic protein signaling during osteogenic differentiation

Table 1 Molecules regulating osteogenesis via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

No	Name	Experimental model(s)	Effect	Role	Ref.
1	CRYAB	In vitro and in vivo	Promotes osteogenic activity	Acts as a regulator of the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and protects β-catenin from proteasomal degradation	[37]
2	LGR6	In vitro and in vivo	Promotes osteogenic activity	LGR6 improves the signaling pathway mediated by Wnt/β-catenin during osteogenesis by stabilizing β-catenin within the cytoplasm	[38]
3	KLF14	In vitro and in vivo	Inhibits osteogenic activity	KLF14 and Wnt3A promoter interaction suppresses the expression of Wnt3A and downstream targets of Wnt signaling during osteogenesis	[39]
4	DLX2	In vitro	Promotes osteogenic activity	DLX2 binds to WNT1, upregulating WNT1 transcription and activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway	[40]
5	FOXQ1	In vitro and in vivo	Promotes osteogenic activity	FOXQ1 regulates the activities of Wnt/β-catenin pathway by binding to annexin A2	[41]
6	BRD4	In vitro	Promotes osteogenic activity	BRD4 improves the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin by binding to the promoter region of Wnt3a or β-catenin during osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs	[42]
7	LECT2	In vitro and in vivo	Negatively regulates osteogenic activity	LECT2 knockdown triggers the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, promoting the osteoblast differentiation of MSCs	[43]

CRYAB: Alpha-crystallin B chain; LGR6: Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 6; KLF14: Kruppel-like factor 14; DLX2: Distal-less homeobox 2; FOXQ1: Forkhead box Q1; BRD4: Bromodomain 4; LECT2: Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2; BMSC: Bone marrow stem cells.