Exosomes derived from microRNA-540-3p overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells promote immune tolerance via the CD74/nuclear factor-kappaB pathway in cardiac allograft

Figure 3 Production and characterization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell^{miR-540-3p-mimic} exosomes. A: Transmission electron microscopy image of isolated exosomes; B: Nanosight analysis for exosome size and concentration; C: Expression of microRNA-540-3p (miR-540-3p) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes at 48, 72, and 96 hours after plasmid transfection; D: Expression of miR-540-3p in dendritic cells; E: Expression of miR-540-3p in T cells. ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001, ^dP < 0.0001. BMSC: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; IDO: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; DC: Dendritic cell; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; exo: Exosomes.