Yes-associated protein-mediated melatonin regulates the function of periodontal ligament stem cells under oxidative stress conditions

Figure 2 Hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in periodontal ligament stem cells. A: Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) affected the growth state and cell morphology of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs); B: H₂O₂ promoted apoptosis of PDLSCs; C: H₂O₂ increased the reactive oxygen species fluorescence intensity of PDLSCs; D: H₂O₂ increased the proportion of reactive oxygen species-positive cells in PDLSCs. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 3. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^dP < 0.0001. NC: Negative control; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; H₂O₂: Hydrogen peroxide.