Communication between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and multiple myeloma cells: Impact on disease progression

Table 2 Summary of evidence about the relevance of different cargo molecules in the extracellular vesicles of multiple myeloma cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells s to the progression of multiple myeloma

	Function	Ref.
MM-EVs cargo
lncRNA RUNX2-AS1	Form a RNA duplex with RUNX2 premRNA, reducing the osteogenic activity in MSCs	[76]
miR-146a	Increase the secretion of several cytokines in BM-MSCs that favor MM cell viability and migration and induce CAF transformation	[78]
DKK-1	Lower expression of OSX, COL1A1 and ALP in osteoblast precusor cell line (MC3t3-E1)	[72]
MSC-EVs cargo
mir-15a	Promote MM cell proliferation and dissemination to other niches	[70]
miR-483-5p	Induce MM cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis	[79]
miR-155	Reduce MM cell apoptosis and augment expression of stemness maintenance and drug resistance markers	[81]

EVs: Extracellular vesicles; MM: Multiple myeloma; BM-MSC: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; CAF: Cancer associated fibroblast; DKK-1: Dickkopf-1; OSX: Osterix; COL1A1: Collagen 1A1; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase.