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©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Stem Cells. May 26, 2023; 15(5): 369-384
Published online May 26, 2023. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i5.369
Published online May 26, 2023. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i5.369
Table 3 Physical stimuli and their effects on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
Physical stimuli | Parameters | Cell source | Results | Ref. |
EMF | 1 mT, 15 Hz, 4 h/day | BMSCs | BMSCs pretreated with EMF exhibited stronger osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential and weaker adipogenesis capacity | Tu et al[40] |
25, 50, 75Hz square and sinusoidal waveform EMF | BMSCs | EMF induced BMSCs differentiation to neuron cells in all treatment groups | Asadian et al[42] | |
1 mT, 15 Hz, 4 h/day | Rabbit MSCs | EMF enhanced the osteogenic potential of MSCs | Wang et al[41] | |
PEMF | MSCs | Brief exposure to low amplitude PEMFs enhanced the ability of MSCs to produce and secrete paracrine factors capable of promoting cartilage regeneration | Parate et al[43] | |
SMG | 30 g for 72 h or 10 days | Adult rat MSCs | A shorter period of SMG promoted MSCs to differentiate into endothelial, neuronal and adipogenic cells. In comparison, a longer period of SMG promoted MSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts | Xue et al[48] |
10 rpm, 72 h, 0.001 G | BMSCs | Inhibited osteogenic differentiation of MSCs | Liu et al[47] | |
30 rpm clinorotation, 3 d | Adult rat MSCs | Promoted the neuronal differentiation of rat MSCs | Chen et al[44] | |
7 rpm, 21 d | hMSCs | Lowered the chondrogenic potential of hMSCs | Mayer-Wagner et al[50] | |
Microgravity | 0.001 G | hMSCs | microgravity-cultured hMSCs showed a better ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes compared to cells cultured under natural gravity conditions | Nakaji-Hirabayashi et al[46]] |
Spare microgravity | hMSCs | Spare microgravity reduced the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs and shifted the osteogenesis of hMSCs into adipogenesis, even during ostergenic induction | Zhang et al[49] | |
FSS | 0.375 dyn/cm2, 2 h/d | BMSCs | Promoted osteogenesis-related genes and proteins in BMSCs | Jiang et al[54] |
0.06 dyn/cm2, 6 h/d | BMSCs | Proper FSS stimulation obviously enhanced BMSCs osteogenesis, while the expressions of osteogenic genes decreased with higher intensity of FSS | Jing et al[51] | |
0.5, 0.8 Pa, 3 h/d | MSCs | Promoted MSCs ostegenesis | Jiao et al[55] | |
3-7 dynes/cm2 | hMSCs | Enhanced osteogenic differentiation | Zhao et al[52] | |
4.2 dynes/cm2 | hMSCs | FSS could lead to the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs | Liu et al[53] | |
ΔSS from 0 dyn/cm2 to 10 dyn/cm2 | MSCs | Fast ΔSS (0–0′) profits the chondrogenic differentiation, while Slow ΔSS (0–2′) advances osteogenic differentiation | Yue et al[57] | |
ΔSS from 0 dyn/cm2 to 10 dyn/cm2 | MSCs | Fast ΔSS (0–0′) profits the chondrogenic differentiation, while Slow ΔSS (0–2′) advances osteogenic differentiation | Lu et al[56] | |
HP | 10 MPa, 1 Hz, 4 h/d, 5 d/w, 3 w | BMSCs | HP promoted BMSCs chondrogenic differentiation | Steward et al[60] |
0-0.5 MPa, 0.5 Hz | hMSCs | HP promoted the differentiation of the hMSCs toward osteogenesis | Huang et al[59] | |
270 kPa, 1 Hz, 1 h/d, 5 d/w, 3 w | BMSCs | HP promoted chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs | Luo et al[64] | |
100 psi | ADSCs | HP significantly increased osteogenic differentiation of AMSCs | Ru et al[65] | |
90 kPa, 1 h | BMSCs | HP promoted chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs | Zhao et al[61] | |
90 kPa, 1 h | BMSCs | HP promoted the expression of marker genes for early osteogenic differentiation and chondrogenic differentiation of the BMSCs | Zhao et al[62] |
- Citation: Zhou JQ, Wan HY, Wang ZX, Jiang N. Stimulating factors for regulation of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15(5): 369-384
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-0210/full/v15/i5/369.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v15.i5.369