Clinical trials using dental stem cells: 2022 update

Table 4 Dental stem cell-based clinical trials registered on the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform

Ref.	Registration ID	Status	Diseases	Study design	Cell source	Administration route	Number of patients	Interventions		Follow-up period	Phase	Outcomes
								Test group	Control group
-	JPRN-UMIN000042791	Complete: Follow-up complete	Periodontitis	Randomized; parallel assignment; single-blind (participants)	Deciduous pulp	Gargle	30	Mouthwash containing SHED culture supernatant	Mouthwash without SHED culture supernatant	1 mo	Not applicable
-	ChiCTR2100051466	Recruiting	Periodontitis	Randomized; parallel assignment; open label	Dental pulp	Bilateral multipoint injection on a single tooth	96	DPSCs (1 × 107 cells) for once; DPSCs (1 × 107 cells) for twice	Saline	90, 180, 360 d	Phage 0
-	ChiCTR2100049178	Pending	Periodontitis	Randomized; parallel assignment; double-blind	Dental pulp	Local injection	36	DPSCs (1 × 106 cells) for single injection; DPSCs (5 × 106 cells) for single injection; DPSCs (1 × 107 cells) for single injection; DPSCs (1 × 107 cells) for single injection in 2 locations; DPSCs (1 × 107 cells) for single injection in 3-4 locations	None		Phage 1
Sánchez et al[42], 2020	ISRCTN13093912	Completed	Periodontitis	Randomized; parallel assignment; single-blind (patients and examiners)	Dental pulp	Implanted into bone defect sites via surgical approach	20	DPSCs (1 × 107 cells) + hydroxyapatite-collagen scaffold	Hydroxyapatite-collagen scaffold	1, 2, 4, 12, 24, 36 wk; 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 mo	Not applicable
-	JPRN-UMIN000045926	Complete: Follow-up complete	Wrinkles	Randomized; parallel assignment; single-blind (outcomes assessor)	Dental pulp		12	All-in-one gel containing immortalized DPSCs-CM solution and various beauty ingredients	No treatment	4 wk	Not applicable
-	JPRN-UMIN000043528	Complete: Follow-up complete	Wrinkles	Randomized; parallel assignment; single-blind (outcomes assessor)	Dental pulp		12	All-in-one gel containing immortalized DPSC-CM solution and the latest peptide raw materials	No treatment	4 wk	Not applicable
-	JPRN-UMIN000045897	Complete: Follow-up continuing	Hair loss	Nonrandomized; parallel assignment; open label	Deciduous pulp	Injection	22	SHED-CM; after SHED-CM injection, one dose of micrografts (Rigenera) followed by another SHED-CM injection; SHED-CM injection after one dose of micrografts (Rigenera)	None	6 mo	Not applicable

DPSCs: Dental pulp stem cells; SHED-CM: Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth conditioned medium.