Metabolic determinants of stemness in medulloblastoma

Figure 1 Metabolic features of medulloblastoma and medulloblastoma cancer stem cells. Medulloblastoma (MB) tumours show activation of metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis. MB cancer stem cells (MB-CSCs) display several markers, including cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133), CD15, and nestin (NES). Increased autophagy and glycolysis have been detected in MB-CSCs compared to more differentiated cells. In addition, hypoxic conditions induce the expansion of MB-CSCs. On the other hand, MB-CSCs show decreased mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species. ROS: Reactive oxygen species.