Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibition restores matrix formation by human adipose-derived stem cells in the late stage of chondrogenic differentiation

Figure 3 Expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and matrix metalloproteinase 3 were detected during chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. A: Western blot detection of MMP-3; B: Elisa detection of the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) in the cell supernatant; C: Immunofluorescent staining of TNF-α and MMP-3; D: Toluidine blue staining and the Western blot detection of TNF-α and MMP-3 of human adipose-derived stem cells treated with chondrogenic medium containing interleukin-1β. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01. TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; MMP-3: Matrix metalloproteinase 3; IL-1β: Interleukin-1β; GM: Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) grown in growth medium alone; CH: hADSCs treated with chondrogenic differentiation medium.