Programmed cell death in stem cell-based therapy: Mechanisms and clinical applications

Figure 4 Overview of key strategies to enhance stem cell transplantation therapy. The steps of stem cell-based transplantation therapy include drawing the materials, isolation, culture, proliferation, and transplantation. Compared with the classic approaches, pre-strategies could enhance survival of stem cells. These pre-strategies mainly include preconditioning, pretreatment, genetic strategies, and other methods. They can effectively activate various signaling pathways for protecting cells from injury and promoting survival.