Exosomes derived from inflammatory myoblasts promote M1 polarization and break the balance of myoblast proliferation/differentiation

Figure 8 IF-C2C12 Exos impaired C2C12 muscle differentiation in vitro. A: Immunofluorescence was used to detect relative expression and distribution of MYHC and Myod1 on day 4 after different treatments. Green, red, and blue signals represent MYHC, Myod1, and nucleus, respectively. Scale bar = 90 μm; B, D and E: Quantification of myotube length, diameter, and fusion rate. Data are presented as mean ± SD. n = 12 or 3. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001, ^dP < 0.0001; C: Representative images of myotube after culture with different concentrations of IF-C2C12-Exosomes for 24 h by Giemsa staining (4 d 2% horse-serum incubation). Scale bar = 100 μmT.