Vascularization and osteogenesis in ectopically implanted bone tissue-engineered constructs with endothelial and osteogenic differentiated adipose-derived stem cells

Figure 3 Representative hematoxylin and eosin sections of ectopic osteogenic implants. Representative hematoxylin and eosin sections of: A: Two-week-old BC [implants containing only bone mineral matrix (BMM) carrier]; B: Two-week-old BPUI (implants containing uninduced adipose-derived stem cells, platelet-rich plasma and BMM carrier); C: Two-week-old BPEO (implants containing simultaneously applied endothelial and osteogenic differentiated adipose-derived stem cells, platelet-rich plasma and BMM carrier); D: Eight-week-old BC implants; E: Eight-week-old BPUI implants; F and G: Eight-week-old BPEO implants. All images acquired at bright field. Scale bars show 50 μm (A-F) and 100 μm (G). BMM granules (orange star), cellularity (black circle), blood vessels (orange arrows), osteoblast-like cells (orange arrowhead), multinucleated giant cells (black arrowhead), osteon-like structures (rounded rectangle), hemorrhagic fields (orange circle), area of resorbed granules (ellipse), tissue regression between BMM granules (orange ellipse).