Adipose-derived stem cells: Pathophysiologic implications vs therapeutic potential in systemic sclerosis

Table 3 Summary of fat grafting and stromal vascular fraction-based treatments in systemic sclerosis

No. of patients	Follow-up period	Results (hands)	Ref.
13	9.4 to 24.3 mo	Autologous fat implantation led to significant pain relief and decrease in the number, duration, and severity of Raynaud’s phenomenon cold attacks	Bank et al[66], 2014
9	12 wk	Autologous fat grafting was effective in accelerating the healing process of DUs and led to a significant reduction in hand pain and need of pharmacological therapy	Bene et al[67], 2014
15	6 mo	Autologous SVF injections led to prompt disappearance of local ischemic pain, rapid DU healing and improvement in nailfold capillaroscopy abnormalities	Del Papa et al[68], 2015
38	8 wk	Autologous fat grafting induced DU healing, restoration of the capillary bed and a rapid resolution of local ischemic pain	Del Papa et al[14], 2019
12	6 mo	Injection of autologous SVF proved to be safe, well tolerated and beneficial in terms of pain, grasping capacity, finger edema, Raynaud’s phenomenon, DU outcome and quality of life	Granel et al[69], 2015
12	12 mo	The effects recorded by Granel et al[69] proved to be long lasting, as they persisted 1 yr after SVF injection	Guillaume-Jugnot et al[70], 2016
12	22-30 mo	The effects recorded by Granel et al[69] were still very encouraging even at 22 and 30 mo after treatment	Daumas et al[72], 2017
1	-	Autologous SVF subcutaneous injections had beneficial effects on digital necrosis, ulceration, gangrene and impaired wound healing	Song et al[73], 2017

SVF: Stromal vascular fraction; DU: Digital ulcer.