Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induce M2 microglia polarization through PDGF-AA/MANF signaling

Figure 3 Effects of mesencephalic astrocyte–derived neurotrophic factor on post-stroke recovery and infarction volume in cerebral I/R rats treated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. A and B: mNSS (A) and Bederson’s (B) score evaluation of the behavior of rats on days 1, 3, and 7 after MCAO surgery; C and D: TTC staining (C) and quantitative analysis (D) of lesion volume on day 7 post-stroke. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs I/R and I/R + PBS groups; ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01 vs I/R + BMSCs and I/R + BMSCs-NC groups. The values are expressed as the mean ± SD (n =10). MANF: Mesencephalic astrocyte–derived neurotrophic factor; mNSS: Modified neurological severity scores; I/R: Ischemia/reperfusion; MCAO: Middle cerebral artery occlusion; PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline; BMSCs: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; BMSCs-NC: Negative control-transfected BMSCs; BMSCs-siMANF: MANF siRNA-transfected BMSCs.