Cytotoxicity of nonylphenol on spermatogonial stem cells via phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway

Figure 3 Effect of nonylphenol on apoptosis and oxidative stress in spermatogonial stem cells. A: Detection of apoptosis by flow cytometry; B: Western blot of the protein expression of Bad, Bcl-2, Cyt-c, and pro-Caspase 9. The results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, n = 3. ^aP < 0.05 vs 0 μmol NP; C: Effect of nonylphenol on spermatogonial stem cell apoptosis after mammalian target of rapamycin activation or inhibition; D: Expression of apoptosis-related protein detected by western blot. The results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, n = 3. ^cP < 0.05 vs control. NP: Nonylphenol; Control: Control group, not subjected to any activator or inhibitor; NP: Nonylphenol group; OV: Mammalian target of rapamycin activator group; OV + NP: OV + NP group.