Recent advances of single-cell RNA sequencing technology in mesenchymal stem cell research

Figure 1 Cell heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells at multiple levels. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) originating from different donors present distinct functions due to the influence of age, health condition, and other individual differences. MSCs originating from the same donor but different tissues, such as adipose tissue and bone marrow, show different surface markers and differentiation capacities because of distinct biological, chemical, and mechanical stresses in stem cell niches. Moreover, MSCs form clones, and cell heterogeneity exists both interclonally and intraclonally.