Generation of induced secretome from adipose-derived stem cells specialized for disease-specific treatment: An experimental mouse model

Figure 4 Molecular studies validating effects of thioacetamide-induced secretome in the mouse model of thioacetamide-induced hepatic failure. A: Pro-proliferative actions of the TAA-induced secretome in the mouse model of TAA-induced hepatic failure. Western blot analysis comparing the expression of various markers reflecting liver regeneration and inflammation in liver specimens of each group. TAA-induced conditioned media infusion induced the highest expression of PCNA, p-ERK, p-STAT, and fibronectin in both control livers and those of TAA-treated mice; B: Antioxidant actions of TAA-induced secretome in the mouse model of TAA-induced hepatic failure. Western blot analysis was performed to compare the expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, and GPx) in liver specimens from each group. The TAA-induced conditioned media infusion group showed the higher expression of antioxidant enzymes in the livers of TAA-treated mice compared to in the control group; C: Anti-apoptotic actions of the TAA-induced secretome in the mouse model of TAA-induced hepatic failure. TAA-iCM infusion group showed lower expression of proapoptotic proteins (c-Caspase-3 and Bax) and higher expression of an anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-xL) in the livers of TAA-treated mice compared to in the control group. Values are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. ^cP < 0.05 vs control (saline). Bax: Bcl-2-like protein 4; Bcl-xL: B-cell lymphoma-extra large; c-Cas3: Cleaved caspase-3; GPx: Glutathione peroxidase; iCM: Induced secretome group of which components were the TAA-induced secretome; CM: Normal conditioned media group of which components were the naïve secretome; PCNA: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen; p-ERK: Phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases; p-STAT3: Phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; TAA: Thioacetamide.