In vitro differentiation capacity of human breastmilk stem cells: A systematic review

Table 2 Details of selected articles

Ref.	Purpose	Number of samples	Vol. of milk collected	Income cellcells/ mL	Markers - FC	Markers - IF	PCR	WB	Differentiation cell	Conclusion
Patki et al[12]	To study the multipotent differentiation capacity of the long-term MSC culture.	35	15 mL	2.5 x 106-3.0 x 106/mL	CD29, CD33, CD34, CD44, CD45, CD73, SCA-1.	Nestin, Vimentin, Smooth Muscle Actin and E-Cadherin.	Not done	Not done	Adipogenic, chondroge-nic, osteogenic lineages.	Mesenchy-mal stem cells isolated from human breast milk have cellular potency to differentiate into different cell types.
Hassiotou et al[13]	To examine regulators of self-renewal of hBSCs and their plasticity and potential to differentiate into cell types outside the mammary lineage.	> 70	5-200 mL	Not done	SSEA-4 e TRA-1-60 / TRA-1-81.	OCT4, SOX2 and Nanog.	TRA-1-60 / TRA-1-81, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and Nanog genes.	Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog.	Osteogenic, adipogenic, chondroge-nic, neuronal, pancreatic, hepatocyte, cardiomyo-cytes, mammary differentiation and teratoma.	Stem cells in breast milk contain pluripotency properties.
Hosseini et al[14]	To differentiate the breast milk-derived stem cells toward neural stem cells and then into the neurons and neuroglia.	Not present	5-200 mL	4.0 x 104/mL	Not done	Nestin, Nanog, β-tubulin III, O4, GFAP, Oct4, Sox2, CD44, CD105, CD106, CD133.	Not done	Not done	Neurosphe-res, neurons, oligodendro-cytes, and astrocytes.	The breast milk-derived stem cells showed the capability to be differentia-ted into neural cell lineages and their similarity to both embryonic and mesenchy-mal stem cells makes them a good candidate for cell therapy in neurodegenerative diseases.
Sani et al[15]	To examine the pluripotency of the human breast milk-derived cells.	5	5-50 mL	Not done	CD90 CD44, CD144, CD 271, CD123, CD133, CD73, CD 106, CD146, CD45, CD 105,CD34, SSEA-4, TRA-60–1, CD 15/SSEA-1.	Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and CK18.	SRY gene	Not done	Osteogenic and adipogenic lineages.	Most of the cells found are mesenchy-mal stem cells, but, cells similar to embryonic stem cells are also present.
Sani et al[16]	To examine the differentiation potential of the hBSCs into functional hepatocytes in vitro.	15	5-50 mL	Not done	Not done	CK18, CK19, albumin, alpha-fetoprotein.	AFP, CK19, CYP2B6, HNF4, G6P.	Not done	Hepatocyte lineage.	The hBSCs demonstrate the ability to express many key factors that are important in liver functions.

hBSC: Human breastmilk stem cell.