Platelet-rich plasma enhances adipose-derived stem cell-mediated angiogenesis in a mouse ischemic hindlimb model

Figure 4 Immunofluorescence staining of CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor. A: After culturing for 14 d, CD31 expression (in green) was higher in all PRP groups; B: After culturing for 14 d, VEGF expression (in green) was higher in all PRP groups; C: The immunostaining intensity was observed through confocal microscopy and was then quantified using Image J. The corrected total cellular fluorescence ratio was calculated using the following formula: corrected total cellular fluorescence = integrated density (area of selected cell × mean fluorescence of background readings). After culturing for 14 d, CD31 expression (in green) was significantly higher in all PRP groups than in the FBS group. D: The early elevated production of VEGF was noted from day 7 in the 5% and 7.5% PRP groups. On day 14, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% PRP groups showed considerable increases in VEGF production. Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation. ^cP < 0.01 vs 10% FBS group at day 7; ^dP < 0.05 vs 10% FBS group at day 7; ^eP < 0.01 vs 10% FBS group at day 14; ^fP < 0.05 vs 10% FBS group at day 14. PRP: Platelet-rich plasma; FBS: Fetal bovine serum; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.