Gut microbiota and female health

Table 1 Gut microbiota alterations in polycystic ovarian syndrome endometriosis, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and ovarian cancer of the human studies

Diseases	Changes in gut microbiota (human studies)
PCOS	Increase: Lachnoclostridium, Fusobacterium, Coprococcus_2, and Tyzzerela 4[33]; Bacteroides, Escherichia/Shigella, and Streptococcus[48]
	Decrease: Tenericutes and Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio[33]; Akkermansia and Ruminococcaceae[48]
Endometriosis	Increase: Bacteroides, Parabacteroides Oscillospira, and Coprococccus[49]
	Decrease: Paraprevotella and Lachnospira[49]; Clostridia Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae Ruminococcus, Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae Ruminococcus[50]
Breast cancer	Increase: Firmicutes, Clostridium cluster IV, and cluster XIVa[41]
	Decrease: Bacteroidetes[41]; Bacteroidetes phylum, and Verrucomicrobia phylum[42]
Cervical cancer	Increase: Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Dialister[43]; Succinivibrio, Ruminococcus, Morganella, Shewanella, and Proteus[51]
	Decrease: Bacteroides, Alistipes, and Lachnospiracea[43]; Phascolarctobacterium and Halomonas[51]
Ovarian cancer	Increase: Proteobacteria[52]
	Decrease: Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium, and Coprococcus[52]

PCOS: Polycystic ovarian syndrome.