Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 21, 2022; 28(23): 2597-2608
Published online Jun 21, 2022. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i23.2597
Table 1 Patient demographics and disease characteristics
Infliximab (n = 66)
Adalimumab (n = 48)
Median age, yr (IQR)36.0 (28.8-43.3)34.5 (29.0-51.8)
A1, n (%)2 (3.0)7 (14.6)
A2, n (%) 52 (78.8)26 (54.2)
A3, n (%)9 (13.6)13 (27.1)
Female gender, n (%)28 (42.4)14 (29.2)
Mean weight, kg (SD)80.9 (18.7)82.1 (21.4)
Mean BMI, kg/m2 (SD)28.1 (4.8)28.5 (5.5)
Median age at diagnosis of Crohn’s disease (IQR)26.0 (21.0-34.0)24.0 (19.0-41.3)
Current smoker, n (%)12 (18.2)5 (10.4)
Disease location
Ileal, n (%)16 (24.2)17 (35.4)
Colonic, n (%)26 (39.4)7 (14.6)
Ileocolonic, n (%)15 (22.7)18 (37.5)
No luminal disease, n (%)4 (6.1) 2 (4.2)
Upper gastrointestinal involvement, n (%)4 (6.1)2 (4.2)
Stricturing, n (%)10 (15.2)11 (22.9)
Penetrating, n (%)7 (10.6)17 (35.4)
Median duration on anti-TNF agent, wk (IQR)144.0 (80.0-280.0)180.0 (107.3-309.8)
Anti-TNF dosing, n (%)
IFX, 5 mg/kg/8 wk47-
IFX, 7.5 mg/kg/8 wk1-
IFX, 10 mg/kg/8 wk12-
IFX, 15 mg/kg/8 wk1-
IFX, 20 mg/kg/8 wk1-
IFX, 5 mg/kg/6 wk3-
IFX, 10 mg/kg/6 wk1-
ADA, 40 mg fortnightly-37
ADA, 40 mg weekly-11
Concurrent steroids, n (%)0 (0.0)1 (2.1)
Concurrent aminosalicylates, n (%)4 (6.1)5 (10.4)
Combination with immunomodulator, n (%)46 (69.7)29 (60.4)
Methotrexate, n (%)8 (12.1)8 (16.7)
6-mercaptopurine, n (%)9 (13.6)7 (14.6)
Azathioprine, n (%)29 (43.9)14 (29.2)
Concurrent allopurinol, n (%)10 (15.2)4 (8.3)
Mean albumin, g/L (SD)39.9 (4.9)40.2 (4.7)
Median CRP, mg/L (IQR)1.4 (0.7-5.5)2.3 (1.2-5.2)
ADA: Adalimumab; BMI: Body mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; IFX: Infliximab; IQR: Interquartile range; SD: Standard deviation; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.
Table 2 Differences between patients on infliximab with and without fistula healing
Patients with fistula healing (n = 48)
Patients without fistula healing (n = 18)
P value
Median age, yr (IQR)33.0 (28.0-38.0)43.5 (34.3-57.3)0.005
Female gender, n (%)20 (41.7)8 (44.4)0.839
Mean weight, kg (SD)82.2 (19.4)76.5 (15.7)0.378
Mean BMI, kg/m2 (SD)28.5 (5.0)26.7 (3.8)0.318
Median age at diagnosis of Crohn’s disease (IQR)26.0 (20.75-30.5) 30.0 (24.0-43.0)0.121
A1, n (%)1 (2.1)1 (5.6)-
A2, n (%)41 (85.4)11 (61.1)-
A3, n (%)4 (8.3) 5 (27.8)-
Current smoker, n (%)8 (16.7)4 (22.2)0.696
Location
Ileal, n (%)14 (29.2)2 (11.1)-
Colonic, n (%)19 (39.6)7 (38.9)-
Ileocolonic, n (%)11 (22.9)4 (22.2)-
No luminal disease, n (%)2 (4.2)2 (11.1)-
Upper gastrointestinal involvement, n (%)3 (6.3)1 (5.6)-
Stricturing, n (%)7 (14.6)3 (16.7)0.822
Penetrating, n (%)5 (10.4)2 (11.1)0.927
Median duration on anti-TNF agent, wk (IQR)153.0 (86.0-285.0)95.5 (40.25-322.75)0.387
Dose escalated anti-TNF therapy, n (%)15 (31.3)4 (22.2)-
Concurrent steroids, n (%)0 (0.0)1 (5.6)-
Concurrent aminosalicylates, n (%) 4 (8.3)1 (5.6)0.219
Combination with immunomodulator, n (%)35 (72.9)11 (61.1)0.522
Methotrexate, n (%)6 (12.5)2 (11.1)0.937
6-mercaptopurine, n (%)6 (12.5)3 (16.7)0.597
Azathioprine, n (%)23 (47.9)6 (33.3)0.368
Concurrent allopurinol, n (%)9 (18.8)1 (5.6)0.197
Mean albumin, g/L (SD)40.3 (4.7)40.7 (4.6)0.590
Median CRP, mg/L (IQR)2.1 (1.0-4.5)5.5 (1.1-8.7)0.094
Median trough level, mg/L (IQR)6.4 (3.8-9.5)3.0 (0.3-6.2)0.003
Detectable antibody, n (%)3 (4.3)6 (33.3)0.004
ADA: Adalimumab; BMI: Body mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; IFX: Infliximab; IQR: Interquartile range; SD: Standard deviation; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.
Table 3 Differences in patients on adalimumab with and without fistula healing
Patients with fistula healing (n = 37)
Patients without fistula healing (n = 11)
P value
Median age, yr (IQR)33.0 (28.5-52.0)44.9 (33.0-52.0)0.254
Female gender, n (%)10 (27.0)4 (36.4)0.550
Mean weight, kg (SD)82.5 (22.3)79.7 (16.7)0.812
Mean BMI, kg/m2 (SD)29.2 (5.9)25.5 (2.7)0.241
Median age at diagnosis of Crohn’s disease (IQR)24.0 (18.0-42.0)30.0 (19.0-41.0)0.570
A1, n (%)6 (16.2)1 (9.1)-
A2, n (%)19 (51.4)7 (63.6)-
A3, n (%)10 (27.0)3 (27.3)-
Current smoker, n (%)5 (13.5)0 (0.0)0.198
Location
Ileal, n (%)12 (32.4)5 (45.5)-
Colonic, n (%)5 (13.5)2 (18.2)-
Ileocolonic, n (%)15 (40.5)3 (27.3)-
No luminal disease, n (%)2 (5.4)0 (0.0)-
Upper gastrointestinal involvement, n (%)2 (5.4)1 (9.1)-
Stricturing, n (%)9 (24.3)2 (18.2)0.644
Penetrating, n (%)14 (37.8)3 (27.3)0.481
Median duration on anti-TNF agent, wk (IQR)194.5 (124.3-311.3)122.5 (79.8-319.3)0.318
Dose escalated anti-TNF therapy, n (%)10 (27.0)1 (9.1)-
Concurrent steroids, n (%)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)-
Concurrent aminosalicylates, n (%) 4 (10.8)1 (9.1)0.849
Combination with immunomodulator, n (%)25 (67.6)4 (36.4)0.048
Methotrexate, n (%)7 (18.9)1 (9.1)0.424
6-mercaptopurine, n (%)6 (16.2)1 (9.1)0.537
Azathioprine, n (%)12 (32.4)2 (18.2)0.336
Concurrent allopurinol, n (%)4 (10.8)0 (0.0)0.248
Mean albumin, g/L (SD)40.5 (4.5)40.0 (5.7)0.608
Median CRP, mg/L (IQR)2.1 (1.0-4.5)5.4 (1.7-9.3)0.070
Median trough level (IQR)9.2 (6.5-12.0)5.4 (2.5-8.3)0.004
Detectable antibody, n (%)1 (2.7)1 (9.1)0.352
ADA: Adalimumab; BMI: Body mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; IFX: Infliximab; IQR: Interquartile range; SD: Standard deviation; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.