Protective effect of nitric oxide on hepatopulmonary syndrome from ischemia-reperfusion injury

Table 1 Effects of serum alanine aminotransferase, guanosine monophosphate levels in grafted liver, serum nitric oxide metabolites, tumor necrosis factor-α activities and recipient survival on augmenting/inhibiting nitric oxide pathway¹

Group	Serum ALT (nkat/L)	cGMP protein levels in grafted (ng/L)	Serum NOx (nmol/g)	Serum TNF-α(ng/L)	Weekly survival rate (%); survival days (mean ± SE)
I					80b; 28.8 ± 36.6b
3 h	837 ± 15bf	2.1 ± 0.1bf	69.4 ± 6.7b	35.8 ± 9.7f
24 h	456 ± 53bf	2.3 ± 0.2bf	22.6 ± 3.1db	24.4 ± 4.0b
II					20; 4.0 ± 1.7
3 h	1708 ± 72	0.7 ± 0.1	17.3 ± 3.4	77.2 ± 7.0
24 h	2338 ± 140d	0.8 ± 0.1	14.3 ± 2.5	55.3 ± 6.8
III					0; 1.9 ± 1.2a
3 h	2833 ± 988b	0.5 ± 0.1b	12.0 ± 2.5a	180.2 ± 20.5b
24 h	3100 ± 253b	0.4 ± 0.1b	9.9 ± 2.4a	136.6 ± 11.8b

¹During cold ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat orthotopic liver tansplantation.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs group II;

^dP < 0.01 vs 3 h;

^fP < 0.01 vs group III. cGMP: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; NOx: Nitric oxide metabolites.

Table 2 Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression in normal, storage and grafted livers

Groups	Portal area			Sinusoidal area
	VE	BE	IC	HC	SLC	IC
Normal liver	±	-	-	-	-	-
Storage liver (6 h)	±	-	-	-	-	-
I	+	-	-	+	+	-
II	+	-	-	++	++	-
III	+++	-	-	++++	++++	-

Immunohistochemical results: "-", no significant staining; "±", a few staining; "+", focally stained; "++", diffusely stained; "+++/++++", strongly diffusely stained. VE: Vascular Endothelium; BE: Biliary epithelium; IC: Cellular infiltrates; HC: Hepato cytes; SLC: Sinusoidal lining cell.