Tissue factor in predicted severe acute pancreatitis

Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
> 18 yr	Acute pancreatitis due to surgery
Abdominal pain	Trauma
Amylase > 3 times upper normal limit	Cancer
Onset of abdominal pain within 48 h	Inflammatory bowel disease
APACHE II score > 8 and/or	Stoma
CRP > 150 and/or	Short bowel
Peripancreatic fluid collection on CT	Chronic pancreatitis

APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; CRP: C-reactive protein; CT: Computed tomography.

Table 2 Patient characteristics and laboratory variables at time of inclusion

	MAP (n = 27)	SAP (n = 22)	P
Age (yr)1	76 (63-85)	63 (56-77)	0.042
Sex (M:F)	14:13	10:12	0.664
APACHE II1	9 (8-11)	9 (7-13)	0.860
Aetiology
Biliary	15	16	0.248
Alcohol	4	3	1.000
ERCP	3	1	0.617
Unknown	5	2	0.436
Duration of pain (h)1	34 (21-43)	25 (22-29)	0.160
Amylase1	8.2 (2.7-13.7)	9.8 (4.3-15.3)	0.690
IL-6 (pg/mL)1	100 (55-210)	275 (158-315)	0.001
CRP (mg/mL)1	106 (69-167)	173 (104-209)	0.071
Tissue factor (pg/mL)1	35 (23-50)	49 (36-101)	0.035
Fibrinogen (g/L)1	4.8 (4.4-6.2)	4.0 (3.8-7.2)	0.047
FVII (ng/mL)1	155 (46-294)	136 (88-296)	0.608

¹Values are expressed as median and inter-quartile range. MAP: Mild acute pancreatitis; SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; IL-6: Interleukin-6; CRP: C-reactive protein; FVII: Factor VII.

Table 3 Area under the curve-values, possible cut-off levels, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio for tissue factor

Time point1	AUC	P	Cut-off TF (pg/mL)	Sensitivity	Specificity	PLR	NLR
0	0.679	0.035	32	86	48	1.65	0.30
			40	71	67	2.14	0.43
			46	62	74	2.39	0.51
0.5	0.681	0.049	33	90	43	1.57	0.26
			41	78	56	1.79	0.39
			47	72	70	2.37	0.40
1	0.652	0.078
3	0.621	0.151

¹Time points: 0 = inclusion in study, 0.5 = 12 h, 1 = 24 h, 3 = 3 d. AUC: Area under the curve; TF: Tissue factor; PLR: Positive likelihood ratios; NLR: Negative likelihood ratios.