Correct diagnosis and successful treatment for pericardial effusion due to toothpick injury: A case report and literature review

Table 1 Summary of mis-swallowing of toothpick migrating into other organs from gastrointestinal tract in the literature

Migration organs	Origin	n
Heart[13,14]	Unknown	2
Liver[1-10]	Stomach	5
	Duodenum	3
	Unknown	2
Vessel[15-20]	Duodenum	4
	Small bowel	1
	Unknown	1
Pancreas[12]	Duodenum	1
Ureter[21]	Cecum	1
Bladder[22]	unknown	1

Table 2 Summary of toothpick migrating into liver

Case No.	Age/Sex	S/S	Pre-op diagnosis of FB	Perforation or peritonitis	Treatment	Primary site of toothpick	Mortality
1[1]	59/M	RUQ pain	Yes	-	Antibiotics	Duodenum	Nil
2[2]	63/M	RUQ pain cholangitis	Negative (liver pseudotumor)	-	Lapa	Stomach	Nil
3[3]	48/F	RUQ pain	Negative (Liver abscess)	-	Lapa	Stomach	Nil
4[4]	59/M	RUQ pain fever	Yes	-	Lapa	Stomach	Nil
5[5]	NA	NA	Endoscope dx	-	Endo	Stomach	Nil
6[6]	48/M	RUQ pain	Negative (Liver abscess)	-	Lapa	Duodenum	Nil
7[7]	52/M	BW loss	Yes	-	Lapa	Duodenum	Nil
8[8]	NA	NA	Negative (Liver abscess)	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	NA
9[9]	NA	NA	Negative (Liver abscess)	Unknown	Unknown	Stomach	NA
10[10]	NA	NA	Negative (Liver abscess)	NA	NA	NA	NA

M: male; F: female; S/S: symptom/sign; Pre-op: preoperative; FB: foreign body; RUQ: right upper quadrant; BW: body weight; NA: not available; Lapa: laparotomy; Endo: endoscopy.

Table 3 Summary of toothpick migrating into heart

Case No.	Age/Sex	S/S	Pre-op diagnosis of FB	Perforation or peritonitis	Treatment	Primary site	Post-op diagnosis	Mortality
Case 1[13]	67/F	Chest pain Tamponade	Negative	Negative	Sternotomy	NA	Toothpick migrating to pericardium and right coronary artery laceration	Nil
Case 2[14]	53/M	Dyspnea	Negative	Negative	Sternotomy	Diaphragm site of heart	Toothpick migrating to pericardium	Nil
		Chest pain
		Fever
Our case	55/M	Dyspnea Chest pain	Positive	Negative	Laparotomy	Stomach	Toothpick migrating to pericardium through liver	Nil

M: male; F: female; S/S: symptom/sign; Pre-op: preoperative; FB: foreign body; NA: not available.