Self-expandable metallic stents for malignant biliary obstruction: Efficacy on proximal and distal tumors

Table 1 Early complications after insertion of metallic stents

Case	Complications	Type of stent	Timing of complication	Management	Result
1	Acute pancreatitis	Covered stent	Immediately	Conservative	Recovered
2	Acute pancreatitis	Covered stent	Immediately	Conservative	Recovered
3	Acute pancreatitis with pseudocyst	Uncoverd stent	Immediately	Percutaneous catheter drainage	Recovered
4	Inadequate expansion of stent	Uncoverd stent	3 d	Balloon dilatation	Good
5	Inadequate expansion of stent	Uncoverd stent	3 d	Balloon dilatation	Good
6	Acute cholangitis without Stent stenosis	Uncoverd stent	22 d	Antibiotics	Recovered
7	Peritonitis	Uncoverd stent	30 d	Antibiotics	Recovered
8	Stent occlusion	Uncoverd stent	22 d	PTCD	Good
9	Subcapsular liver abscess	Uncoverd stent	1 d	Percutaneous catheter drainage	Recovered

Case 1-7: distal stricture. Case 8-9: proximal stricture.