Risk factors for the gastric cardia cancer: A case-control study in Fujian Province

Table 2 Potential risk or protective factors for cardia and non- cardia gastric cancers, odds ratios & 95% confidence Interval (CI)

Variables	Controls	Cardia cancer				Non-cardia gastric cancer
	n	n	OR*	95%CI	P	n	OR*	95%CI	P
Irregular meals
No	165	101				98
Sometimes	36	45	1.971	1.152-3.374	0.013	50	2.310	1.375-3.897	0.002
Frequently	21	45	4.184	2.260-7.747	0.000	42	3.662	1.997-6.717	0.000
P For trend			0.000				0.000
Over eating for each meal
No	105	103				156
Sometimes	55	58	1.864	1.139-3.050	0.013	63	1.806	1.122-1.908	0.015
Frequently	11	28	4.720	2.067-10.781	0.000	24	3.499	1.569-7.801	0.002
P For trend			0.034				0.000
Eating speed
Slow	33	18				20
Moderate	110	67	1.058	0.531-2.107	0.874	85	1.308	0.688-2.485	0.412
Fast	79	106	2.645	1.318-5.307	0.006	85	1.878	0.968-3.644	0.063
P For trend			0.000				0.043
Years of education
≤ 6	90	121				96
> 6	132	70	0.317	0.204-0.492	0.000	94	0.643	0.426-0.972	0.036
Monthly Food Expense (RMB)
< 80	62	79				65
80-	61	60	0.653	0.387-1.102	0.110	64	0.971	0.580-1.625	0.911
100-	59	34	0.397	0.223-0.710	0.002	46	0.697	0.405-1.199	0.192
200-	40	18	0.313	0.155-0.630	0.001	15	0.356	0.175-0.726	0.004
P For trend			0.000				0.044
Salty fish intake
< 1 times/M	170	139				134
< 3 times/W	49	41	t1.019	0.615-1.690	0.941	41	1.058	0.646-1.730	0.824
≥ 3 times/W	3	11	5.518	1.367-19.461	0.015	15	5.706	1.588-20.49	0.008
P For trend			0.111				0.020
Fresh vegetables intake
< 3 times/W	14	25				18
≥ 3 times/W	208	166	0.439	0.212-0.909	0.027	172	0.644	0.303-1.367	0.252
Fresh fruit intake
< 1 times/M	30	52				44
< 3 times/W	127	116	0.565	0.328-0.973	0.040	115	0.586	0.339-1.015	0.057
≥ 3 times/W	65	23	0.225	0.112-0.452	0.000	31	0.289	0.149-0.561	0.000
P For trend			0.000				0.000
Pickled vegetables intake
< 1 times/M	88	61				69
< 3 times/W	76	63	1.335	0.804-2.214	0.264	64	1.139	0.701-1.852	0.598
≥ 3 times/W	58	67	1.762	1.044-2.974	0.034	57	1.269	0.766-2.103	0.355
P For trend			0.038				0.367
Cooking oil
Other type	56	32				28
Peanut oil	149	103	0.533	0.347-0.820	0.004	115	0.738	0.485-1.124	0.157
Lard oil	93	117	2.327	1.521-3.562	0.000	107	1.853	1.230-2.794	0.003
Drinking water
Other type	27	30				32
Well water	60	98	2.822	1.826-4.360	0.000	76	1.804	1.176-2.768	0.007
Tap water	135	63	0.301	0.195-0.464	0.000	82	0.461	0.306-0.694	0.000
Use of refrigerator
No	83	108				86
< 10 yrs	45	46	0.764	0.449-1.302	0.323	53	1.155	0.689-1.935	0.585
≥ 10 yrs	94	37	0.242	0.143-0.409	0.000	51	0.426	0.263-0.693	0.001
P For trend			0.000				0.007
Family Cancer History
No	190	122				131
Yes	32	69	2.090	1.261-3.464	0.004	59	1.325	0.814-2.157	0.257

*Adjusted by age, gender, smoking, drinking, and family cancer history in the first-degree relatives.