HCV-specific cytokine induction in monocytes of patients with different outcomes of hepatitis C

Figure 2 Induction of cytokines by the HCV NS4 protein. The graph displays the fractions of IL-1β (a), IL-10 (b), IL-12 (c) and TNF-((d) producing monocytes 12 hours after stimulation with recombinant NS4 protein (1 μg/mL) for patients with chronic hepatitis C (filled squares), aviremic anti-HCV seropositives (upward triangles), and non-HCV related controls (downward triangles). Each dot represents the mean percentage of a single patient obtained from triplicate experiments. The horizontal bar gives the mean of each group.