Update of preclinical and human studies of calcium and colon cancer prevention

Table 5 Calcium effects on colonic cell proliferation, differentiati on and cytotoxicity of fecal water in human subjects

In vivo	References*
Decreased hyperproliferation	Lipkin et al[28] 1985
Decreased hyperproliferation	Lipkin et al 1989
Decreased hyperproliferation	Rozen et al 1989
Decreased proliferation	Lynch et al 1991
Decreased proliferation	Berger et al 1991
Decreased proliferation	Wargovich et al 1992
Decreased proliferation	Barsoum et al 1992
Decreased proliferation	O’Sullivan et al 1993
Decreased proliferation	Bostick et al 1995
Unchanged proliferation	Gregoire et al 1989
Unchanged proliferation	Cats et al 1995
Decreased ODC	Lans et al[29] 1991
Normalized differentiation-associated lectin binding	Yang et al[30] 1991
Decreased cytotoxicity of fecal water	Govers et al[31] 1996
Increased maturation of colonic epithelial cells	Holt et al[43] 1998
Decreased adenoma recurrence	Baron et al[32] 1999

*Studies without reference numbers are found in[23].