Runchangningshen paste activates NLRP6 inflammasome-mediated autophagy to stimulate colonic mucin-2 secretion and modulates mucosal microbiota in functional constipation

Figure 7 Runchangningshen paste changed the composition of gut mucosal microbiota at the multispecies level in functional constipation rats. A: Operational taxonomic unit analysis: Venn diagrams; B: Community heatmap analysis at the phylum level between normal control group (NC), functional constipation model group (FC), runchangningshen paste group (RCNSP), and lactulose group (LAC) group; C: Diagram of intergroup comparisons of NC, FC, and high RCNSP (HRCNSP) at the phylum level (n = 6); D: Diagram of intergroup comparison of NC and FC at the phylum level (n = 6); E: Diagram of intergroup comparison of FC and HRCNSP at the phylum level (n = 6); F: Community heatmap analysis at the family level between NC, FC, RCNSP, and LAC; G: Diagram of intergroup comparisons of NC, FC, and HRCNSP at the family level (n = 6); H: Diagram of intergroup comparison of NC and FC at the family level (n = 6); I: Diagram of intergroup comparison of FC and HRCNSP at the family level (n = 6); J: Community heatmap analysis at the genus level between NC, FC, RCNSP, and LAC; K: Diagram of intergroup comparisons of NC, FC, and HRCNSP at the genus level (n = 6); L: Diagram of intergroup comparison of NC and FC at the genus level (n = 6); M: Diagram of intergroup comparison of FC and HRCNSP at the genus level (n = 6). In graphs B, F, and J, the x-axis represents the group names, while the y-axis denotes the species names. The color gradient of the blocks illustrates the variations in abundance of different species within the groups, with the values represented by the color gradient displayed on the right side of the figure. In graphs C-E, G-I, and K-M, the x-axis shows the mean proportion or proportion difference of species in the sample, and the y-axis lists the species names or P values. The different colors of the bars denote distinct groups. The width of the bars reflects the magnitude of the species’ proportions. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. P values were calculated using Kruskal-Wallis H test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test. LRCNSP: Low dose of runchangningshen paste group; MRCNSP: Medium dose of runchangningshen paste group.