Effectiveness of biologics for endoscopic healing in patients with isolated proximal small bowel Crohn’s disease

Table 2 Risk for failure to achieve complete endoscopic healing after one-year biologic therapy

Variables	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR	95%CI	P value	aOR	95%CI	P value
Male	1.863	0.500-6.944	0.354
Age > 40	0.457	0.097-2.161	0.323
Disease duration > 2 years	0.578	0.207-1.612	0.295
Active smoker	0.423	0.090-1.988	0.276
B2/3 behavior	0.191	0.066-0.559	< 0.001	0.261	0.087-0.778	0.016
Perianal involvement	0.434	0.156-1.207	0.434
Prior biologic exposure	0.078	0.010-0.607	0.015	0.080	0.010-0.674	0.020
Immunomodulator use	0.271	0.075-0.985	0.047	0.448	0.108-1.860	0.269
Moderate-to-severe endoscopic disease1	3.617	1.396-9.374	0.008	0.277	0.093-0.829	0.022
Prior intestinal resection	0.350	0.042-2.886	0.329
Dose optimization	1.630	0.186-14.256	0.659
Type of biological therapies (IFX reference)
Vedolizumab	0.139	0.017-1.123	0.064
Ustekinumab	0.533	0.277-1.027	0.060

¹Moderate-to-severe endoscopic disease was defined as the modified simple endoscopic score for Crohn’s disease ≥ 7.

OR: Odds ratio; IFX: Infliximab; aOR: Adjusted odds ratio.