Hollow cerium nanoparticles synthesized by one-step method for multienzyme activity to reduce colitis in mice

Figure 4 Hollow cerium inhibits occurrence and development of colitis in mice by scavenging reactive oxygen species. A-C: Hollow cerium nanoparticles (H-CeO₂) treatment reduced the changes in weight (A) and colon length (B and C) of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice; D and E: Hematoxylin and eosin detected the effect of H-CeO₂ treatment on the histopathology of the colon in DSS-induced mice; F: H-CeO₂ treatment reduces disease activity index values in DSS-induced mice; G: H-CeO₂ treatment reduced reactive oxygen species levels in DSS-induced mouse tissues. Cell nuclei stained with 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (blue), and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels were quantitated in dihydroethidium (red). ^aP < 0.001 vs control group; ^bP < 0.01 vs dextran sulfate sodium group; ^cP < 0.001 vs dextran sulfate sodium group; ^dP < 0.01 vs dextran sulfate sodium + hollow cerium nanoparticles group; ^eP < 0.001 vs dextran sulfate sodium + hollow cerium nanoparticles group; NS indicates statistical difference. DSS: Dextran sulfate sodium; H-CeO₂: Hollow cerium; SASP: Sulfasalazine; NS: Not significant.