Impact of triglyceride-glucose index on the long-term prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for overall survival

Factors	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age (≥ 60 vs < 60), years	0.86 (0.59-1.24)	0.410
Sex (male vs female)	1.16 (0.80-1.67)	0.434
Drinking history (no vs yes)	1.14 (0.78-1.67)	0.503
Smoking history (no vs yes)	1.12 (0.76-1.64)	0.567
Site (stomach vs gastric and esophageal binding)	1.10 (0.76-1.60)	0.613
ECOG (0 vs 1)	1.90 (1.27-2.86)	0.002a	1.68 (1.10-2.59)	0.017a
Histological (others vs adenocarcinoma)	0.86 (0.58-1.28)	0.466
TyG (low vs high)	0.33 (0.22-0.50)	< 0.001a	0.36 (0.24-0.55)	< 0.001a
CEA (< 3 vs ≥ 3), ng/mL	1.11 (0.73-1.69)	0.635
AFP (< 15 vs ≥ 15), ng/mL	1.15 (0.69-1.93)	0.593
CA-199 (< 37 vs ≥ 37), ng/mL	1.23 (0.85-1.79)	0.267
Liver metastasis (no vs yes)	1.20 (0.83-1.74)	0.335
Peritoneal metastasis (no vs yes)	1.27 (0.81-1.98)	0.294
EBV status (infect vs no-infect)	0.77 (0.45-1.33)	0.355
PD-L1 expression (CPS < 5 vs CPS ≥ 5)	0.31 (0.19-0.51)	< 0.001a	0.49 (0.29-0.82)	0.007a
MMR status (pMMR vs dMMR)	1.21 (0.45-3.30)	0.707
BMI (< 25 vs ≥ 25), kg/m2	0.72 (0.45-1.14)	0.159

^aP < 0.05.

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; TyG: Triglyceride glucose; CEA: Carcinoembryonic-antigen; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein: CA-199: Carbohydrate antigen 199; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; PD-L1: Programmed cell death ligand 1; CPS: Combined positive score; MMR: Mismatch repair; pMMR: Proficient mismatch repair; dMMR: Deficient mismatch repair; BMI: Body mass index.