Impact of triglyceride-glucose index on the long-term prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for progression-free survival

Factors	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age (≥ 60 vs < 60), years	0.83 (0.62-1.12)	0.222
Sex (male vs female)	1.01 (0.75-1.35)	0.954
Drinking history (yes vs no)	0.97 (0.71-1.33)	0.866
Smoking history (yes vs no)	0.96 (0.70-1.33)	0.818
Site (stomach vs gastric and esophageal binding)	1.14 (0.85-1.53)	0.388
ECOG (0 vs 1)	1.86 (1.36-2.54)	< 0.001a	1.58 (1.14-2.20)	0.006a
Histological (others vs adenocarcinoma)	0.94 (0.68-1.31)	0.732
TyG (low vs high)	0.58 (0.43-0.79)	< 0.001a	0.66 (0.48-0.90)	0.010a
CEA (< 3 vs ≥ 3), ng/mL	1.27 (0.91-1.76)	0.159
AFP (≥ 15 vs < 15), ng/mL	0.79 (0.50-1.23)	0.298
CA-199 (< 37 vs ≥ 37), ng/mL	1.22 (0.91-1.64)	0.188
Liver metastasis (yes vs no)	0.89 (0.65-1.21)	0.459
Peritoneal metastasis (no vs yes)	1.02 (0.71-1.49)	0.899
EBV status (infect vs no-infect)	0.82 (0.55-1.23)	0.341
PD-L1 expression (CPS < 5 vs CPS ≥ 5)	0.27 (0.18-0.40)	< 0.001a	0.37 (0.25-0.56)	< 0.001a
MMR status (pMMR vs dMMR)	2.61 (0.97-7.03)	0.058
BMI (< 25 vs ≥ 25), kg/m2	0.55 (0.37-0.82)	0.003a	0.56 (0.38-0.84)	0.005a

^aP < 0.05.

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; TyG: Triglyceride glucose; CEA: Carcinoembryonic-antigen; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein: CA-199: Carbohydrate antigen 199; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; PD-L1: Programmed cell death ligand 1; CPS: Combined positive score; MMR: Mismatch repair; pMMR: Proficient mismatch repair; dMMR: Deficient mismatch repair; BMI: Body mass index.