Bletilla striata polysaccharides alleviate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through enhancing hepatocyte RelA/ HNF1α signaling

Figure 12  The mechanism of Bletilla striata polysaccharides in combating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Bletilla striata polysaccharides alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) by enhancing the nuclear factor kappa B p65/hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha signaling in hepatocytes, remodeling endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress responses, mitigating the metabolic disorder, apoptosis, and necroptosis of hepatocytes, and reducing MASLD. GRP78: 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein; GPX4: Glutathione peroxidase 4; ATF4: Activating transcription factor 4; RelA: Nuclear factor kappa B p65.