Machine learning prediction of hepatic encephalopathy for long-term survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in acute variceal bleeding

Figure 3 Analysis of feature importance using SHapley Additive exPlanations values in the logistic regression model. A: Bar chart displaying the mean SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values, which indicate the average impact of each feature on the model output; B: Beeswarm plot showing the distribution of SHAP values for individual predictions; C: Summary plot combining SHAP values and feature importance, with feature values represented by color (blue for low and red for high). PVT: Portal vein thrombosis; CLIF-C: Chronic liver failure consortium; ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; PPG: Portal pressure gradient; EIS: Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy; CTPV: Cavernous transformation of the portal vein; PVP: Portal venous pressure; ALB: Albumin; SMV: Superior mesenteric vein thrombosis; CLIF-C AD: Chronic liver failure consortium acute decompensation; FIPS: Fibrosis-4 index for liver fibrosis; SHAP: SHapley Additive exPlanations.