Poorly controlled type II diabetes mellitus significantly enhances postoperative chemoresistance in patients with stage III colon cancer

Table 2 Comparison of the clinical and pathological characteristics between the well-controlled and poorly controlled groups

Variables	Well-controlled group (n = 73)	Poorly controlled group (n = 45)	P value
Age (year, mean ± SD)	62.55 ± 8.59	62.93 ± 7.55	0.805
Gender (male/female)	35/38	25/20	0.422
BMI > 24 kg/m2 (present/absent)	20/53	16/29	0.350
History of smoke (present/absent)	31/42	24/21	0.250
History of drinking (present/absent)	29/44	22/23	0.329
Hypertension (present/absent)	25/48	13/32	0.545
Cardiovascular disease (present/absent)	14/59	10/35	0.690
HbA1c (%, mean ± SD)	5.93 ± 0.56	7.60 ± 1.13	< 0.001a
FPG (mmol/L, mean ± SD)	6.49 ± 1.91	8.55 ± 3.75	0.001a
CEA (ng/mL, mean ± SD)	31.27 ± 118.37	87.98 ± 240.80	0.146
CA19-9 (ng/mL, mean ± SD)	28.38 ± 88.07	265.26 ± 1486.75	0.291
T stage (3/4)	51/22	31/14	0.911
N stage (1/2)	48/25	28/17	0.697
Tumor location (RCC/LCC)	29/44	20/25	0.613
Tumor size (cm, mean ± SD)	4.63 ± 1.95	4.73 ± 1.89	0.772
Vascular invasion (present/absent)	21/52	10/35	0.433
Perineural invasion (present/absent)	23/50	17/28	0.485
Tumor differentiation (MD/PD)	56/17	39/6	0.185

^aP < 0.05.

BMI: Body mass index; HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 199; LCC: Left-side colon cancer; RCC: Right-side colon cancer; MD: Moderately differentiated; PD: Poorly differentiated.