Editorial
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 14, 2025; 31(2): 99443
Published online Jan 14, 2025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i2.99443
Table 1 Characteristics of anti hepatitis B virus drugs
Drug
Approve time (year)
Classification
Mechanism
Administration method
Metabolize
Major side effect
Drug resistance
LAM1998NRTICompetitive binding to HBV DNA polymerase binding site[64]Oral administrationKidneyLess side effects, may lead to myopathy or even rhabdomyolysis[65]Susceptible to drug resistance, especially YMDD mutation[68]
LDT2008NRTICompetitive binding to HBV DNA polymerase binding site[78]Oral administrationKidneyMyopathy and peripheral neuropathy[74]The rate of drug resistance in long-term treatment was high, and the common drug resistance mutations were rtM204I and rtL180M [79,85]
ADV2002NtRTICompetitive binding of HBV DNA polymerase binding site and embedding into viral DNA strand[71]Oral administrationKidneyRenal function damage[75]Compared to LAM, the risk of resistance is low[71]
ETV2005NRTICompetitive binding to HBV DNA polymerase binding site[12,13]Oral administrationKidneyLess side effects, possible renal function damage[14]Low resistance rate, but resistance to LAM-resistant HBV increased[16,20]
TDF2008NtRTICompetitive binding of HBV DNA polymerase binding site and embedding into viral DNA strand[26]Oral administrationKidneyBone and kidney injury[34]Low risk of drug resistance
TAF2016NtRTICompetitive binding to HBV DNA polymerase binding site[43]Oral administrationLiverFewer bone and kidney side effects, but can lead to dyslipidemia[52]Low risk of drug resistance
TMF2021NtRTICompetitive binding to HBV DNA polymerase binding site[56]Oral administrationLiverFewer bone and kidney side effects[58]Low risk of drug resistance, and effective against multiple drug-resistant HBV
INF-α1986Standard interferonRegulate the immune response and induce the synthesis of antiviral proteins in host cells[87]Subcutaneous injectionKidneyMore side effects: Systemic adverse reactionsNo drug resistance
Peg-IFN-α2001Long-acting InterferonRegulate the immune response and induce the synthesis of antiviral proteins in host cells[87]subcutaneous injectionLiver and kidneySimilar to INF-αNo drug resistance