Association between intra-pancreatic fat deposition and diseases of the exocrine pancreas: A narrative review

Table 2 Disease

Disease	Mechanism	Ref.
Pancreatitis	Inflammation induced by fat deposition and adipokine secreted by adipose tissue promote the occurrence and development of pancreatitis	Sbeit and Khoury[58], 2021; Tirkes et al[64], 2019
Pancreatic cancer	The inflammatory process of the pancreas in the context of fatty pancreas is an important inducible factor, and the different types of fatty infiltration of the pancreas also play a role in the different processes of tumor development	Frendi et al[9], 2024; Lilly et al[75],2023
Exocrine dysfunction	Lipids have affected acinar cells or replaced lost acinar cells and necrotic apoptotic endocrine tissue	Tahtacı et al[77], 2018
POPF	IPFD increases the softness of the pancreatic glands and raises the risk of POPF	Gaujoux et al[79], 2010; Dei et al[81], 2022
Type 2 diabetes mellitus	IPFD leads to dysfunction of islet beta cells, affecting insulin secretion and exacerbating insulin resistance	Lu et al[83], 2019; Chin et al[84], 2021
Metabolic syndrome	IPFD is associated with components of metabolic syndrome such as obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, etc	Smits and van Geenen[82], 2011
Cardiovascular disease	IPFD is associated with abnormal fat distribution and metabolic disorders throughout the body, which may affect the development of atherosclerosis	Kim et al[85], 2014

IPFD: Intrapancreatic fat deposition; POPF: Postoperative pancreatic fistula.